Liquid-fuel-feeding device for internal-combustion engines.



JAY.

LIQUID FUEL FEEDING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9. 1916'.

m1 w T MW J 5 h W, JAY.

I LIQUID FUEL FEEDING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9, 1916- 1,218,085. Patented Mar. 6, 1917.

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was]; JAY, or 'cnicaeq' ttmois.

rrauin-mt-rnnnme'nnvicn FOR mimmurcomrus'rron Enem es.-

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WEBB JAY,'a citize of theUnited States, residing at Chicago, in the; county'of Cook and State ofIllinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in) Liquid Fuel-F.eeding Devices for. In-

-- Figure 1 is a side elevation of an autoternal-Combus'tion Engines, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being vhadto theaccompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

Thepurpose'of this invention is to provide an. improved device forsupplying the liquid fuel to an internal eombustion engine through thecarbureter and in part includingthe carbureter; It consists in theele-'- ments' and features ofconstruction shown and described asindicated in the claims.

In the drawings mobile, showing diagrammatically the relative positionof the several parts coiiperating in this inventionl Fig. 2 is avertical section through the carbureter and itsfloat chamber, and anappurtenant chamber coiiperating for fuel feed.-

Fig. 3 is a section at the line, 33 on Fig. 2'. I

F ig.4, is a section at the; line, 4-4 on Fig. 2. v

Fig. 5 is a section at the'line, 55, on Fig. 4. I I

In the drawings the intake manifold of the engine is indicated at A. Bis the carbureter 0r mixing'chamber in which the liquid fuel is drawn intogether with air and mixed therewith: C is the liquid-levelgoverningchamber-or float chamber of the carburetor. A is a fuel-intake pipeleading from the carbureter'to the manifold. .D is

-the liquid fuel supply pipe whose terminal .within the carbureterpassage is hereinafter 1 referredto as the oil nozzle. E is a main fuelsupply tank shown located, as iscustomary, at a relatively low positionat the rearof'thevehicle.- 7 is a liquid fuel supply pipe leading fromthe main tank, E, and as illustrated, through the boss, f, in the'liquid-level-goveming chamber, C, to an elevated auxiliary reservoir,F, positioned at 'such height thatthe liquid fuelwill flow by thechamber, C, and constitutinga continuaavity from it to theliquid-level-governing l iamber, C, said reservoir, as illustrated, be-

G is a plate which forms the bottom of the I Specification of LettersPatent. P t t d 6 191 C Application filed March 9,

1916. Serial No. 83,062.

reservoir, F, and the top of the chamber, C.

It has a passage, 9, delivering liquid from the reseri'oirfF, into thechamber, C, which convenient size .to "'hold J valve, J, closed againstthe head ofthe liquid which may be 1 1n the reservoir, F, said float isconnected with the valve by a lever, J, as shown, which' may beconveniently fulcrumed on the boss, I, by means of a pivotscrew 7' A isan air inlet pipe surrounding the oil 3 supply pipe, D and having itsupper end tapered narrowlng so as to terminate quite close to thedischarge nozzle of the pipe, D, the taper of said upper end having thepurpose and effect of causing the air which is drawn in through saidpipe, A to'be dis charged against the oil delivered through the nozzleobliquely to the latter from all sides, with the effect of spraying orwidely distributing the oil by the oblique impact of the air thereonfrom all sides. K is a valve inthe air inlet passage of the carbureterlocated back of the discharge tip of the oil discharge nozzle and of thepipe, A, said valve being designed for regulating the air supply to thecarbureter except as to so much thereof as may be drawn in through thepipe, A for. spraying the oil as described; saidvalve, K, is located atthe position stated so that the'throttling of the air supply by means ofit shall not have the effeet of throttling or in. any manner diminishingthe suction which acts upon the oil discharge nozzle produced by thepartial vacuum inthe' intake manifold, and operating to draw theexplosive charge into the mani old. The supply tank, E; is as usualprovided with an air' vent, .e, to expose the contents to atmosphericpressure. The-anxiliary reservoir, .1 is air-tight; that, is it has. noopening for or communication with atmospheric pre$ure except through.the pipe,- f, which leads to the lower end of a hollow boss, 7, formedon the inner'wall of pipe, P, which is inserted through the plate,

point therein, preferably only a short distance above the bottom so asto provide a water trap space below said discharge opening, a draincock, F being preferably provided at the bottom for draining out of thereservoir, F, the water which may be accumulated therein.Mostconveniently this drain passage is made in the plate, G, and leadsout through the edge of said plate which carries a boss, G forattachment of the drain cock, F as shown. In order that theliquid-level-governing chamber, C, may be filled to the level at which"the float, 0, will seat the valve, J, and thus stop the inflow ofliquid to said chamber, and that the liquid may besupplied to the oilnozzle by the pressure of the head of liquid standing to that level insaid liquid-level-governing chamber, C, the suction or diminishedatmospheric pressure operating on the liquid contents of said chamber,C, through the pipe, D, is equalized by providing a duct, H, leadingfrom the constricted portion of the air passage of the carbureter to theupper part of said liquid-level-governing chamber, C.

The operation of the structure as thus far described is thatwhen theengine is in operation, the partial vacuum produced in the intakemanifold operating through the oil discharge nozzle of the carbureter,produces a partial vacuum in the liquid-level-governing chamber, C, andthence through the passage, 9, produces a partial vacuum in theauxiliary reservoir, F, causing the oil to be raised by atmosphericpressure from the main supply tank, E, and discharged into saidauxiliary reservoir, F, from whence it flows out by way of the passage,9, to the liquid-level-governing chamber, C, filling the same to theheight at which the float therein operates. to close the valve, J, atthe inlet, g, from the reservoir, F. The degree of partial vacuumproduced in the auxiliary reservoir, F, being nearly-that existing atthe discharge nozzle in the constricted portion of the carbureter airpassage, will continue to operate to cause the liquid to pass from themain tank, E, up over into the said reservoir, F, after theliquid-level-governing' chamber, C, is filled to the height controlledby the float, and there will thus be accumulated in the reservoir, F, areserve supply of liquid fuel which will pass down into the chamber, C,in charges from time to time as the operation of the float opens thevalve, J, thus admitting into said chamber, C, at

to lift the liquid fuel from the main supply L tank, E, into theauxiliary reservoir, F, at the same time that that suction is operatingfor taking the liquid through and from the a discharge nozzle formixture with the air and drawing it into the manifold. This methodshould be distinguished from an other method in common use whichconsists in alternately producing,usually by suction from themanifold,and relieving, a.

partial vacuum in an elevated auxiliary chamber for causing the liquidto be lifted froma lower main supply tank during the existence of suchpartial vacuum, and then delivered from said auxiliary chamber bygravity toward the carbureter while the vacuum is relieved, that is,while the chamber is subject to atmospheric pressure. In distinctionfrom this method, it will be noted that the mode of operation of thehereinabove described apparatus involves the con-- tinuous maintenanceof the partial vacuum in the auxiliary reservoir, 1*, except, if at anytime the flow of liquid from the main supply tank should,satisfy thatvacuum, in excess of that which would be necessary to lift theliquidthrough the distance between the elevation of the two chambers, E and F.In case of sudden changes in the degree of partial vacuum operative inthe engine in take passage from the carbureter, it will sometimes occurthat the partial vacuum in the supplemental reservoir, F, is for anappreciable length of time of a higher degree than in said passage; andin such case the suction which withdraws the oil from the nozzle, andwhich operates also at the point of delivery of oil'from thereservoir,'F, into the chamber, C, being of the lower degree, would notcause any oil to pass from the reservoir, F, into theliquid-level-governing chamber, C, to replace any which under thosecircumstances might be withdrawn from the said chamber, C, to thenozzle, and under such circumstances the suction operative for drawingoil from the, liquid-levelgoverning chamber C, may take inadequatesupply for the engine. The higher suction in the reservoir, F, may intime be satisfied .by the oil coming up from the main tank, E,

promptly enough to equalize the vacuum 13o in the chamber, F, with thatoperating: at the delivery passage, g, beforethe, engine has been causedto miss an explosion for want of oil. But the danger of the enginebecoming embarrassed from this cause is obviated by providing a ductleading fromthe upper part of the reservoir, F, cornmunicat-" ing withthe carbureter air passage at a point of comparatively high vacuumtherein. Preferably this connection, as in the case'of the communicationwith the upper part of the chamber, C, is made at a point in theconstricte'd portion of said 'air passage, so thatpassage forcommunicating from the point indicated in the carbureter air passage tothe air space in the upper part of the reservoir, F. With such acommunication provided between the engine intake and the reservoir, F,the partial vacuum operated in the supplemental reservoir, F, willalways be substantially the same as that operating at the nozzle, so.thatin case of such reduction of the partial vacuum in the passagecommunicating between the carbureter and the engine intake, suchreduction !will occur equally in the reservoir, F, and the suctionoperating through the nozzle drawing oil from the liquid-level-governingchamber, C,

will operate in the desired manner to draw a like supply to saidchamber, C, from the reservoir, F.

vThe existence of this conduit, L, in the absence of preventive meansmight result,

under some circumstances in causing. the reservoir, F, to be completelyfilled so that the oil would flow over from it through said conduit, L,with the result of flooding the carbureter. This result is prevented byan automatic valve, M, positioned for 'closing the intake mouth of thepipe, L, within the reservoir, F, and arranged and connected in anysuitable manner so as to be seated by the rise of liquid in thereservoir, F, to a height less than that which would cause it to flowout through said conduit, L.' A convenient construction for this purposeconsists in terminating the pipe, L, with a down-turned end closed by adisk, l,-through which there is made .a small aperture, 1 adequate forthe operation of the suction therethrough, and making the valve, M, inthe form of a tapering needle forseating in said aperture, I, saidvalve, M, being manna ed upon a. lever, M forked atone end andthereby.pivoted upom' tlie pipe, L, back of its termlnal bend b 'meansof twocone-r pointed screws, L said lever having at comlplishes amost'efiectilalpriming.=. j

its end remote frointhe thus pro-I i vided for it on the pipe, L, afloat,.M 1 The weight ofthe lever and the float areeasily made adequateto overcome the suction which will operate to hold'theneedlefvalveseated, and will therefore cause the valveto.

open whenever the liquid level in the chamber falls below thepredetermined "maxi mum.

The constructlon' 'now; described as 137-5 whole, it will beobserved,-will operate to;-

furnish oil by gravity from the reserveings;

F, to the liquid-'level governing ehamb'flenC, v to maintain theioperation of the -engine.-

through a considerable periodduringwhich of time under suchcircumstances. 5

- It is preferable toprovi'de a ch hold the oil which may be oncelifte'd' and the suction'may be inadequate. for-lifting the oil from thelow leveltank. [It willbs obvious that the. capacity of the, reservoir IF, may be made such as to maintain the op. 5

veration of the engine for a y desired length prevented from runningback into the man;

E, when theengine stops and partial vacu t um in the reservoir, F, nolonger exists. 1.1 f 1 In order that the engine may. be readlly primedat starting in any instance inwhich theireservo'ir, F, might be leftempty at the time of stoppingthe engine, the oil directly andimmediately available being that nher, 0, there is preferabl provided; avalve, P, for closing the duct, I I, thereby preventing the productionof a partialvacuum in "tained in the liquid-level-governing.ichamf .the.upperpart of the chamber, G, by the first strokes of-the engine atstarting", which, I

if it existed in the .absence of any supply of liquid in the-reservoir,-F, ready to de:

scen'd into the chamber,"C, would neutralize. the efle'ct of thesuctionvope'rating through j the nozzle, andprevent' such suction from"va'lve being closed at starting, the first-. strokes of the engine willefl'ect a priming" .by drawing oil through the nozzle outof' tl 1echamber, C, producing a partial vacuum'jin 3 be extended in thereservoir, F,a'nd back I, through the pipe, f, leadingthereto, causingoil to pass up from the main supply tank, E, and'tobe delivered downthroughjth'e'fl passage, g, into the chamber, '0, for making good theamount withdrawn through theff' nozzle. By' closing the throttle valve,K, the 3;

drawing any oilinto'thecarbureter. This the upper part-of that chamberwhich will full suction of the engine will operatei in the oil thustaken Lfromthe nozzle, this flac- ,ated in any= convenient manner; the

dash board, as by means of a small flexible shaft, P contained in aproper casing, P making all necessary bends and turns to reach the pointon the dash-board at which the knob, P may be provided for rotating theshaft to turn the valve.

In addition to or independently of the provision above described forclosing the duct, H, for the purpose of priming or providing for oilsupply under particular circumstances, an automatic means for closingthe duct under certain circumstances may be provided consisting informing the constriction'in the air passage of the carbureter by meansof a constricted sleeve, X, as shown in the drawings, said sleeve beingpositioned normally as shown in Fig. 2, stopped by the pins, X at theupper end of the slots, a:, in the lower end portion of the sleeve, X,and having a range of movement upward from said shoulder, as, forexample, forthe length of said slots, at. This sleeve having a portionof the duct, H, indicated by the piece contained in said sleeve beingthereby moved into registration with the remainin portion of the duct,thecommunication a orded by.

said duct will be opened when the sleeve is thus lifted by the frictionof the air entering past the valve, K.

The most constrictedpoint in the sleeve,

X, is designed to stand at the transverse planevof the tip of theoilnozzle when the inrush of air is moderate, resulting from the partialopening of the valve, K, and operation of the engine such as to cause amoderate degree of suction through the air passage; and when the suctionbecomes extreme,

tending to draw an excessive quantity of oil past the nozzle, the inrushof air will lift the sleeve, X, carrying the choke or most constrictedpoint above the transverse plane of the nozzle tip and'thereby diminishthe suc-' tion on the nozzle and the quantity of oil drawn therethrough.In order that there shall be established a relation between the suctionwhich causes the air inrush and the distance to which the sleeve, X, islifted H ,the resistance of the spring increases proportionately to theupward movement of the sleeve.

The method of forming'the portion, H of the duct in connection with thesleeve which consists in using the tube as illustrated, has no specialsignificance, that method being adopted merely as a convenient one whenthe sleeve is made of sheet metal, as. it may be for the purpose ofrendering it light and easily moved by the suction. The course of theduct, however, as having its end which opens into the constrictedportion of the air passage trending upward and inward,that is,substantially in the direction of the in-rushing air, is desirable forthe purpose of rendering the suction as efiicientas possible fordrawingthe air through the duct and thereby producing the proper degree ofpartial vacuum in the chambers with which the duct is connected.

I claim I 1. In combination with a carbureter having an air passage; anaair-controlling valve in the air passage; a liquid fuel delivery tubeextending into said air passage for discharge therein at a pointinwardly beyond the air-controlling valve; a liquid-level governingchamber from which said delivery tube leads; means therein forcontrolling the level of the liquid contents of said chamher; a mainliquid fuel supply tank at a lower level; a supplementary liquid fuelreservoir at a higher level; a liquid conduit from said main tank tosaid reservoir; a liquid passage from saidr reservoir to saidlevel-governing chamber; a duct from the upper part of said reservoirand from the upper part of said level-governing chamber communicatingwith the air passage proximately to the discharge ofthe liquid fueldelivery tube, and means in said supplemental liquidfuel reservoir forclosing the opening of said duct therein at a predetermined level ofliquid in such reservoir.

2. In combination with a carbureter having an air passage which isconstricted for a short distance in the length of said passage; anair-controlling valve in the air passage back of said constriction; aliquid fuel delivery tube extending in the unconstricted portion of saidair passage between the constriction and the air controlling valve andterminating for its discharge substantially 'at the transverse plane ofsaid constriction; a liquid-level-governing chamber from which saiddelivery tube leads, andmeans therein for controlling the "level of theliquid contents of said chamber; a main liquid fuel supply tank at alower level; a supplemental liquid reservoir mounted upon and forming aunitary structure with the level-governing chamber; a conduit from themain tank which extends through the level-gov erning chamber sealedtherefrom and fur- I ther extends up into-the supplementa'l reser-hvoir; a liquid passage connecting the upper part of the liquid governingchamber with the lower part of said reservoir; the liquidmunicating atits lower end with the upper I opening at ts upper. end in theupper-part level governing means comprising a valve which is' adapted toclose said passage at a re-determined level of liquid in said chamer; atube extending insaid reservoir compart of the liquid-governing chamber,and

of said reservoir;-'a vvalve adapted to close the upper end opening ofsaid' tube, and

means-in said reservoir foroperating saidv .valve adapted toclose-it'when the liquid" levelin said reservoirreaches a pre-deter:

I mined.'height, .and ajduet leadingv from the uppe Part of the iq rchamber '3, In co bination a carbureter-having an air passage which isconstricted for a short distance inithe'length of said passage; anair-controlling valve in the air passage back of said constriction; aliquid fuel delivery tube extending in the uncon: strlcted port onofsaid air passage between the constriction and, the aircontrollingvalveandjterminating for its discharge sub-. stantially fat thetransverse plane, of said constriction'; a liquid-level governingchainher from which .said delivery tube leads,- and meansthere'in forcontrolling the level of the liqnidfcontents of said chamber; a f mainliquid fuel supply tank at a lower; level; a;'supplemental fuelreservoir mountfix-Ted on'the top of and forming a unitary-structureflwith' the oliquid-level-governiug chamber; "aiconduit'.from'the lower part of; 4 the main fuelsupply tank; to saidsupplemental reservoir; "a communicating passage 1 from the'upper partof'the liquid'-level-gov-' erningchamber into the lower part ofsaid JpartIoi-said 'liquid governingchamber into d: erbu l? gf d' pfi g'-Iii'1';'th e '-;latter' fsnbstariially' aflQthe' level of: 1

said-constriction,- i and. another'iduct leading 0601f A ,chamb e'r to 1h? ,upper ,partof said supreservoirpa duct leading from the upper fromthee p r part f'of said liquid-governp emental'; reservoir,- I and meanssaid reservoir for .closingthe .fopening: of said 'last ;me,ntionedfducttherein at'a pre-determined, 1 i j F4; combination with a.carbureter/hav- '5 .;1"inganair passage which is constricted forashort'aidi'stance in the length. of said pas- [Q sage; an"air-controlling valve in the air level" of the liquid in saidreservoir.

passage back of said constriction; a. liquid fuel delivery tubeextending in the uncon- 'stricted portion'of said air passage betweenthe constriction and the air controlling valve and terminating for itsdischarge. substan-'v tially at the transverse plane of'said confrom'which saiddelivery tube leads, and means therein for controllingthe'level of the liquid contents of said chamber; a main liquidfuelsupply tank at. a lower level; a

supplementaryjrliquid fuel reservoir at a higher-level; saidliquid-governing chamber being immediately adjacent to and rigid withsaid constricted air passage, said pas- Sage and'chamber being providedwith' a 'duct' leading from theconstricted portion ,of the airpassage tothe upper part of the 'governing chamber;l said reservoir beingpositioned immediately above and made rigid with the governing chamber;a diaphragm plate which formsthe top of the governing chamber and thebottom of said reservoir, said-plate having a liquid passageconI'Iectingthe top of the governing chamber with the bottom of the reservoir.striction; a liquid-level-governing chamber and havingia drain passageterminating in a a drain cock at the edge of said plate and openingthrough the top of said plate for draining the reservoir;- a suctionpipe mounted in .and extendin' I down through said plate forcommunication with the top:

of the level-governing chamber, said pipe extending up in the reservoirand opening therein near the top-thereof; a valve for closing theupperend opening of said pipe and a lever fulcrumed upon the pipe andcarrying-said valve, and a float carried r the lever in saidreservoir.

5.111 combination with a carbureter hav-' I ing an air passage'which isconstricted for a short distance in "the length of said passage; anair-controlling valve in the air passage back of said constriction; aliquid fuel delivery tube extending in the unconstricted portion of saidair'passage between" the constrictionand the air controlling valve andterminating for its discharge substantially at the transverse plane ofsaid constrictiony' a liquid-levelgoverning chamber from which saiddelivery tube leads, and means therein for controlling the level of theliquid .contents of said chamber; a main liquid fuel supply tank at alower level; asupplementary liquidiuelreservoir at a higher level;-

" a liquid conduit from said main tank u to no I said reservoir; aliquid passage from said reservoir to. said level-governing chamber,ducts from the upper part of said reservoir and from the upper part ofsaid level governing chamber communicating with the air passa esubstantially at theconstrlcted portion t ereof, said ducts' comp'risina portion in common, and a valve in sai portion for closing thecommunication through both I of said ducts.

6. In 'combinat1on w1th a carbureter having an air passage which isconstricted for a short distance in the length of said passage; anair-controlling valve in said pas-i sage back of said constriction; aliquid fuel ber from which said delivery tube leads;

delivery tube extending in the unconstricted portion of said air passagebetween the con striction and the air-controlling valve, and terminatingfor its discharge substantially at the transverse plane of saidconstriction; a liquid-level-governing chamber-from which said deliverytube leads, and means therein for controlling the level of the liquidcontents of said chamber; a main liquid fuel supply tank-at a lowerlevel; a supplementary liquid fuel reservoir at a higher level; a liquidconduit from said main tank to said reservoir; a liquid passage fromsa1d reservoir to said level-jgoverning chamber; ducts from the upperpart of said reservoir and from the upper part of said level-governingchamber communicating with the'carbureter air passage, approximately atthe transverse plane at which the liquid-fuel-delivery tube dischargesin said constricted portion, and

' substantially at the transverse plane of said constriction; aliquid-level-governing chamand means therein for controlling the levelof the liquid contents of said chamber; a

source of supply of liquid 'fuel to said chamber and connectionsthereto; a duct leading from the carbureter air passage to the upperpart of the saidliquid-level-governing chamber, the constricted portionof said air passage being formed by means of a constricted sleevemounted for sliding in said air passage, a portion of said duct beingformed in said sleeve non-registering at the lowest position, with theremaining portion formed in the'fixed wallof the air passage, the sleevehaving a range ofmovement upward for registering the parts of sa'idduct;

whereby the duct is closed at its lowest posi- A tion and is opened whenthe sleeve is sucked inward.

8. In a carbureter, in combination with the air passage and the liquidfuel supply pipe discharging within said passage; a sleeve mounted insaid passage constricted between its ends and positioned with saidconstriction encompassing the discharge end ofthe liquid fuel pipe, saidparts having a suction duct partly formed in said sleeve;

and partly formed in the fixed member in which the sleeve slides, theparts of the duct being out of registration at the normal position ofthe sleeve and being registered when the sleeve is sucked inward,whereby the sleeve acts as a valve for automatically closing saidsuction duct.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Chicago, Illinois,this 4th day of M arch,,1916. v

' WEBB JAY.

